Local convergence of behavior across species

Behavior is a way for organisms to respond flexibly to the environmental conditions they encounter. Our own species occurs in a variety of habitats, sharing these environments with a large number of other species, but it remains unclear to what extent a shared environment constrains behavior. In this article, we show that foraging human populations and nonhuman mammal and bird species that live in a given environment exhibit high levels of similarity in their foraging, reproductive, and social behaviors. Our findings suggest that local conditions may select for similar behaviors in both humans and nonhuman animals.